2005年南京师范大学英语语言学考研复试真题
一、单选
1. All the following languages
belong to the Indo-European family except ________.
A). English B) Chinese C) German
D) French
2. From linguistics is formal in
the sense that ________.
A) it studies languages that
existed a long time ago.
B) it studies social formalities
in language learning.
C) it is a branch of science.
D) it studies language chiefly by
looking at its formal structure.
3. The word “faction” is an
example of ________ in word formation.
A) acronym B) blending C)
functional shift D) back formation
4. The sentence “Hopefully, it
will not rain tomorrow.” was criticized in _______.
A) formal B) functional C)
descriptive D) prescriptive
5. Greetings such as “How are you”
and “Good morning” are ________ in function.
A) phatic B) informative C)
expressive D) vocative
6. _______ has become one of the
main features of the interlanguage.
A) Fossilization B) Utilization C)
Assimilation D) Deletion
7.Generally speaking, _______ is
not the theories concerning how language is learned.
A) behaviorist view of language
acquisition
B) innatist view of language
acquisition
C) interactionist view of language
acquisition
D) psychological view of language
acquisition
8. When the notion of ______ was
taken into consideration, semantics spilled over into
pragmatics.
A) text B) context C) texture D)
intertextuality
9. The term ________ refers to a
sociolinguistic situation similar to bilingualism.
A) diglossia B) langue C) parole
D) multiculturalism
10.“Received Pronunciation” (RP)
exemplifies _______.
A) sociolect B) regional dialect
C) ethnic dialect D) idiolect
二、定义
1.allophone
2.polysemy
3.cultural diffusion
4.speech community
5. integrative motivation
6.speech act theory
7.context
8.surface structure
9. presequence
10.motherese
三、判断
1.Language itself is not sexist,
just as it is not obscene; but it can connote sexist attitudes.
2.Irony could be a means to solve
the conflict between CP and PP.
3.The principal features of
audiolinguilism are an emphasis on structures in language which can be learned
as regular patterns of verbal behavior and the belief that the learning is a
process of habit formation.
4.The direct method proposes that
the teacher should be silent as much as possible and should encourage the
learners to produce as much as possible.
5.Meaning shift refers to a
semantic change in which the meaning of a word changes in time.
6.In most cases the illocutionary
force of “It’s noisy outside!” is a warning.
7. Performatives were the
statements that either state or describe, and were thus verifiable.
8.The function words of a language
are sometimes called open class words.
9.Cognitive linguistics is a new
branch of linguistics within the framework of second generation cognitive
science.
10.Displacement means that
language can be used to refer to contexts removed fro the immediate situations
of the speaker.
11.The famous type of question
“Have you stopped beating your wife?” is disallowed in court,because accepting
the validity of the question means accepting its presupposition.
12.Idiolect is a personal dialect
of an individual speaker that combines elements regarding regional, social,
gender, and age variants.
13.The basic principle of the IPA
(International Phonetic Alphabet) is using one letter from American English to
represent one speech sound.
14.Whorf’s theory is a typical
example of linguistic determinism.
15 Approbation maxim is one maxim
of the politeness principle.
四、问答
1.There are two groups of words
below. Analyze the relationships between them.
(a) sofa, chair, bed, furniture,
table
(b) happy/ sad; buy/ sell; awake/
asleep
2.Draw two possible tree diagrams
for the following sentence to show its syntactic structure.
The boy saw the man with the
telescope.
3.Specify the two approaches to
sociolinguistic studies.
4 What are the differences between
phonetics and phonology?
5.Give a brief introduction to
predication analysis.
五、评论
Language is not an abstract
construction of the learned, pr of the dictionary-makers, but is something
arising out of the work, needs, ties, joys, affections, tastes, of long
generations of humanity, and has its bases broad and low, close to the ground.
----Walt Whiteman
Do you share your opinions with
Walt Whiteman or not? What’s your understanding of language?